Designers must prioritise sustainability of buildings by reducing overall loads, choosing efficient systems, optimising operation, and favouring renewable electricity. Architects need to advocate for sustainable designs regardless of market conditions, emphasising cost parity and long-term savings. Early decisions significantly impact costs, as demonstrated by the MacLeamy Curve.

Energy simulation software and post-occupancy measurement are crucial for effective energy assessment. Examples highlight how smart design positively impacts costs and energy efficiency. Architects should measure and record energy performance, making it a hallmark of design excellence in response to the climate crisis.

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